Highlights
- •Mean olfactory identification score showed olfactory dysfunction in drug-naive PD.
- •Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was found in drug-naïve PD.
- •Serum vitamin D level was correlated with severity of olfactory dysfunction in PD.
- •Motor subtype of PD was significantly correlated with olfactory dysfunction in PD.
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between olfactory function
in Parkinson's disease (PD) and serum vitamin D status. Thirty-nine patients with
de novo PD were enrolled in this study. Olfactory function was assessed by an odor
identification test, as a part of the KVSS (Korean version of sniffin’ sticks) II
test. All patients were also assessed with the NMSS (Non-Motor Symptoms Scale for
PD) to check the subjective change in ability to smell. Vitamin D status was determined
by measuring the level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3). Multiple linear regression
tests and correlation analysis were applied to verify the association between serum
25-OHD3 level and patients’ subjective and objective olfactory dysfunction. The serum
25-OHD3 level was independently associated with odor identification score in patients
with PD (β = 0.38, p < 0.01). Another statistically significant variable was clinical
subtype of PD (Intermediate subtype: β = −0.33, p < 0.05; Akinetic rigid type: β = −0.55,
p < 0.01). The serum 25-OHD3 level was also negatively correlated with the score for
item number 28 in NMSS (Spearman’s rho = −0.32, p < 0.05). Our results showed that
vitamin D status might be an independent factor for olfactory dysfunction in PD. Although
the underlying mechanism has not been clearly identified, we postulate that vitamin
D plays a role in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction in PD. Further investigation
to elucidate the precise relationship of vitamin D to PD is essential.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 19, 2018
Accepted:
August 8,
2018
Received:
January 23,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
